Journal: Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

Article Title: Synthesis, in silico modelling, and in vitro biological evaluation of substituted pyrazole derivatives as potential anti-skin cancer, anti-tyrosinase, and antioxidant agents

doi: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2205042

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cytotoxicity of pyrazole (celecoxib analogs), isoxazole, pyrazolone, and positive control compounds P1 – P25 (structures, Figure 3 ) against cells of human cutaneous melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer lines relative to standard control noncancerous immortalised HaCaT cells.

Article Snippet: Human-derived GFP-expressing melanoma A375 and epidermoid carcinoma A431 cell lines were purchased from Angio-Proteomie (Boston, MA).

Techniques: Positive Control, Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Inhibition of Autophagy Aggravates Arachis hypogaea L. Skin Extracts-Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms25021345

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differential cytotoxic activities of Arachis hypogaea skin fractions in melanoma and CRC cells. Cytotoxic effects of Arachis hypogaea skin extracts, including AH, AHH, AHE, AHB, and AHW, and AHE-1~AHE-7 fractions on the viability of ( A , C ) A375 cells, ( B , E ) SW480 cells, ( D ) B16F10 cells, and ( F ) HCT15 cells. Cancer cells were treated with indicated concentrations of individual extracts for 72 h, and cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. ( G ) Dose-dependent suppressive effects of AHE and ( H ) AHE-2 fractions on the viability of A375, B16F10, SW480, HCT15, and CCD966SK cells after 72 h treatment. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. from three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: The human melanoma cells A375 and mouse melanoma cells B16F10 were purchased from the Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan), and human CRC cell lines, SW480 and HCT15, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: MTT Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Inhibition of Autophagy Aggravates Arachis hypogaea L. Skin Extracts-Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms25021345

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of AHE and AHE-2 fractions on cell proliferation in melanoma and CRC cells. ( A ) Representative images showing the effects of AHE and AHE-2 fractions on colony formation in A375 and B16F10 cells. ( B ) Quantitative results of the effects of AHE (left) and AHE-2 (right) fractions on colony formation in A375 and B16F10 cells and expressed as the percentage compared with the DMSO control. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. Significant difference versus control: **** p < 0.0001. ( C ) Representative images showing the effects of AHE and AHE-2 fractions on colony formation in SW480 and HCT15 cells. ( D ) Quantitative results of the effect of AHE (left) and AHE-2 (right) fractions on colony formation in SW480 and HCT15 cells and expressed as the percentage compared with the DMSO control. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. Significant difference versus control: *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. ( E ) Flow cytometry analyses of the cell cycle distributions after treatment of AHE and AHE-2 for 48 h in A375 cells. ( F ) Quantitative results of the effect of AHE (left) and AHE-2 (right) fractions on cell cycle distributions in A375 cells. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. from three independent experiments. ( G ) Western blot analyses of the dose-dependent effect of AHE and AHE-2 fractions on the expression levels of cell cycle-related markers, including p-Rb, Rb, E2F1, Cyclin A, Cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, and p53, in A375 and ( H ) SW480 cells. The fold changes of protein expressions were determined by the relative intensity of protein bands of treated samples to that of the respective DMSO-treated control after normalization to the respective internal reference β-actin or GAPDH protein.

Article Snippet: The human melanoma cells A375 and mouse melanoma cells B16F10 were purchased from the Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan), and human CRC cell lines, SW480 and HCT15, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Control, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Inhibition of Autophagy Aggravates Arachis hypogaea L. Skin Extracts-Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms25021345

Figure Lengend Snippet: AHE and AHE-2 fractions induced apoptosis in melanoma and CRC cells. ( A ) Representative results showing the effects of AHE and AHE-2 fractions on apoptosis in A375 and B16F10 cells. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double-staining of A375 and B16F10 cells after treatment with AHE and AHE-2 fractions at the indicated concentrations for 72 h. ( B ) Quantitative results of the effects of AHE (upper) and AHE-2 (lower) fractions on apoptosis in A375 and B16F10 cells and expressed as the percentage compared with the DMSO control. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. from three independent experiments. ( C ) Representative results showing the effects of AHE and AHE-2 fractions on apoptosis in SW480 and HCT15 cells. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double-staining of SW480 and HCT15 cells after treatment with AHE and AHE-2 fractions at the indicated concentrations for 72 h. ( D ) Quantitative results of the effects of AHE (upper) and AHE-2 (lower) fractions on apoptosis in SW480 and HCT15 cells and expressed as the percentage compared with the DMSO control. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. from three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. ( E ) Dose-dependent effects of AHE and AHE-2 on various apoptosis biomarkers, including PARP-1 cleavage and activation of caspase 3 and caspase 9, in A375 cells and ( F ) SW480 cells.

Article Snippet: The human melanoma cells A375 and mouse melanoma cells B16F10 were purchased from the Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan), and human CRC cell lines, SW480 and HCT15, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Double Staining, Control, Activation Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Inhibition of Autophagy Aggravates Arachis hypogaea L. Skin Extracts-Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms25021345

Figure Lengend Snippet: Autophagy inhibitor enhances the inhibitory effects of AHE and AHE-2 and promote the induction of apoptosis in melanoma and CRC cells. Representative fluorescence images showing the effect of AHE (left) and AHE-2 (right) on autophagy in GFP-LC3 expressing ( A ) A375 cells and ( B ) SW480 cells. Fluorescence imaging analysis of GFP-LC3 fluorescence puncta in GFP-LC3 expressing cells after treatment with AHE and AHE-2 fractions at the indicated concentrations for 48 h. Scale bar, 10 μm. ( C ) Western blot analyses of the dose-dependent effect of AHE and AHE-2 fractions on the expression of LC3B conversion in A375 (left) and SW480 (right) cells. ( D ) Cytotoxic effects of AHE (left) and AHE-2 (right) on the viability of A375 cells and ( E ) SW480 cells in the absence or in the presence of chloroquine (CQ). Cancer cells were treated with indicated concentrations of individual fractions alone or in combination with chloroquine for 72 h, and cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. from three independent experiments. Significant difference versus control: *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. ( F ) Quantitative results of the effects of AHE and AHE-2 (lower) fractions on apoptosis in A375 cells (left) and SW480 cells (right) in the absence or in the presence of chloroquine (CQ) and expressed as the percentage compared with the DMSO control. Data are represented as the means ± S.D. from three independent experiments. Significant difference versus control: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The human melanoma cells A375 and mouse melanoma cells B16F10 were purchased from the Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan), and human CRC cell lines, SW480 and HCT15, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Expressing, Imaging, Western Blot, MTT Assay, Control